Solve the problem of brake maintenance I hope that cardholders can get home safely

Veteran drivers who have been driving all year round know that the maintenance of the braking system is very important for the safety of the car. The braking system of the car is generally divided into two types, one is called oil brake and the other is called air brake. Because the braking structure and working principle of the two are different, the method of braking maintenance is also very different.

▎ Oil brakes

The oil brake has a simple structure and small size, but it only needs a brake master cylinder, a sub-cylinder, an oil cup and a connecting pipeline, and no other auxiliary equipment; The oil brake has the characteristics of slightly slower response speed, soft braking and low strength, so the general oil brake is mostly used in light trucks.

Oil brake brake principle: When we press the brake pedal, we transfer the power to the brake master cylinder, which is like a needle tube for injection, which is filled with brake fluid. When the force is transmitted, the piston will push the brake fluid to move forward, and the brake oil will pass through the brake oil pipe to the brake cylinder at the four wheels, and the brake cylinder will then push the brake pads to move, clamp the brake disc, and realize the brake.

For cars with oil brakes, check the fluid level of the brake fluid before leaving the car. If you notice a drop in the oil level, immediately check the brake fluid circuit for leaks. Brake fluid will fail after a long time due to the absorption of moisture in the air, and it is best to replace it once a year.

▎ Air brake

Compared with the braking structure of the oil brake, the air brake is much more complicated, in addition to the brake master cylinder, the cylinder, the brake line, there is also the air pump (connected to the engine through the belt), the air reservoir, the high-pressure controller (adjust the pressure, the vehicle can reach 8 atmospheres), relay valves and other components, the installation space is large, the structure is more complex, and in order to ensure safety, the rear brake cylinder is now the air brake (increase the cost, the structure is complex). In addition, because of the rapid air brake response, rough braking, and high force (high air pressure, can reach 8 atmospheres), it is mostly used in large trucks and buses.

Air brake principle: when we step on the brake, it is equivalent to opening the master cylinder valve (all are one-way valves, can only take in, can not come back), compressed air enters the rear brake spring cylinder through the one-way valve, pushes the brake brake arm, the brake cam rotates, and the brake shoes (now most of them are asbestos, brake pads with copper wire) are stretched open and the brake drum (cast iron) is in close contact to achieve the purpose of braking. Now they all use a dual-circuit, cross-braking line system to ensure that there is a leak in the pipeline, as well as brakes.

● Inspection and replacement of brake pads and discs

Trucks, especially when carrying goods, due to their large mass and large inertia, have a greater force on the brake pads when braking, and generate more heat. Most brake failures are caused by the continuous operation of brake pads and heat, so the maintenance of brake pads and brake discs is crucial.

Brake pads and brake discs are wear parts, and the degree of wear is related to the driver's braking habits and driving conditions. You can tell by looking at the degree of wear and tear of the truck's brake pads, and if you reach a critical point, you have to replace them immediately. The main maintenance contents of brake pads include high temperature protection of brake pads, lubrication and maintenance of brake cylinders, and cleaning of brake discs.

刹车片磨损不均匀

The brake disc is the same as the brake pads, and it needs to be replaced only when it is worn to the limit. After frequent work of the brake disc, the friction produces high temperature, and the serious one has even been burned to brick red, speaking of which, some drivers will think of using water to cool down, but in fact, this is extremely damaging to the brake disc.

● Inferior drying tanks have major hidden dangers to avoid!

Speaking of drying tanks, everyone is no stranger, it is used to filter the water vapor in the compressed air in the gas circuit system, to prevent the air reservoir and various pump valves from being corroded, therefore, whether the drying tank can work normally directly affects the performance of the brake. Although the drying tank is not expensive, many cardholders can still save it, and it doesn't matter about the quality of the drying tank, as long as one can be used, and some don't even change it once in a few years.

Drying tanks installed in the gas path

Some cardholders are greedy for cheapness, and they will fall into the trap of fake drying tanks if they are not careful. At present, the price of genuine drying cans on the market is basically about 200 yuan, and the retail price of inferior products is basically below 100 yuan, and even the wholesale price is only 20 or 30 yuan. After a short period of use, this inferior drying tank will lose its effect of absorbing moisture in the air, and the desiccant in some drying tanks will also enter the air circuit system of the vehicle, bringing greater safety and property damage. Some cardholders shared their personal experiences before: once when running Heilongjiang, due to the failure of the inferior drying tank, the brake failure caused the brake to freeze due to water in the brake cylinder. In the cold winter, how to choose a high-quality drying tank has become a science.

Solve the problem of brake maintenance I hope that cardholders can get home safely

Counterfeit "Loved One" drying tanks

In addition, when we select drying tanks, we should try to choose those drying tanks with fine and many pores and strong structure. There are many drying tank outlets on the market that use larger diameter holes, which at first glance do not look like

On the other hand, the winter is dry and cold, many gas lines will become very brittle, prone to cracks and even breaks, once the air leakage will make it difficult for the air pressure to reach the set value, causing brake failure and making the drying tank unable to regenerate.

Therefore, before driving, it is necessary to carefully check whether the gas joint is aging or cracked, and if it is found, it should be replaced in time, followed by the standing air pipe and quick connector in the driving, once the gas circuit is broken, it can be replaced and repaired immediately. The distribution range of the air circuit is large, and it is inevitable that there will be contact with the frame or other parts, and if the contact parts are often rubbed, the damage of the pipeline will be accelerated, so it is necessary to check in time to bandage the scattered and messy places of the pipeline to avoid its accelerated damage.

● The easily overlooked pump hides college questions

The pump is the source of air pressure for the whole car, and the most important thing is the air used for the brakes. In the daily maintenance, the pump is also one of the places that is easy to be ignored, if you do not pay attention to maintenance, the pump is prone to abnormal wear, oil string, and oil consumption, which will lead to water or oil in the gas path, affecting the braking performance of the vehicle.

Today's pumps basically take air from the intake pipe and then compress it into the gas storage tank. When an inferior air filter is used or the air intake pipe of the pump works alone, it is easy for debris to enter the pump and cause abnormal wear and tear of the pump. The abnormal wear and tear of the pump is mainly due to the wear of the cylinder block, piston ring, and rotating bearing of the pump.

The ingress of impure air for a long time will lead to serious wear of the cylinder block, a series of problems such as larger diameter, thinner piston ring wear, and oil lubrication. More serious will cause the pump to string oil, and the oil will be compressed by the pump into the air tank, which will affect the braking performance and consume the oil.

Scale is generated inside the pump

Some pumps are cooled by circulating water from the engine, in a similar way to the engine block. Some cardholders use water instead of antifreeze in daily use, resulting in scale inside the pump, blocking the waterway and affecting the heat dissipation of the pump. Therefore, in the maintenance of the air pump, it is recommended that cardholders use high-quality air filters and antifreeze, and do not put the air inlet pipe of the air pump to work independently.

In the process of driving, the normal operation of the braking system is very important, and once it fails, the life safety of the cardholders will be threatened. Therefore, in terms of brake maintenance, cardholders must pay more attention! It's almost the New Year, and I hope that every cardholder who is running around can get home safely and reunite with his wife and children.