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2025
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06
Automotive Basics (9) Three Types of SuspensionWho Do You Support?
After the columns of the previous eight issues
We already know almost everything about the transmission and braking of the car
In this section, it's the car's turn to drive
It is said that after the ancients invented the wheel
Put a shelf on top
Thus the invention of the "car" was completed
This is a popular rack car in major villages across the country
In fact, it is a simple model of the driving system of a car
Didn't you notice that you add a set of power to him, a set of brakes, and a steering wheel
Is it a road-ready car?
Any car
No power, no braking, no steering, it doesn't matter
But there is no driving system, sorry, you can't go!
The role of the driving system
It is to make the vehicle able to walk steadily and comfortably
The lower one is obviously because the suspension in the driving system is too soft
↓↓↓↓
The driving system of a car is mainly composed of four parts:
Frames, suspensions, axles, wheels
These four chunks
The most discussed, the most magical, is definitely the suspension
That verse
Let's first talk about the suspension system of the driving system
● Classification of suspension
After a long day of foreplay, it's finally time to get into the topic
There are two main categories of suspension as a whole: independent suspension and non-independent suspension
In simple terms
Non-independent suspension
It's two wheels that are rigidly connected together,
When one wheel is bumpy, the other side is also affected
I really want to win the hearts of one person and connect them together with non-independent suspension
And independent suspension
It's also called "that wheel went into the pit, and I don't care" suspension
Highlight one without affecting each other
↓↓ It's obvious ↓↓
Non-independent suspension
The two wheels work together to overcome more difficulties and have good load-bearing performance
And independent suspension
The two wheels do not interfere with each other, which is very worry-free, and the driver and passengers are more comfortable
So in general
Trucks will use non-independent suspension
(Except for the expensive ones, such as Volvo, which has used independent front suspension)
The sedan will use independent suspension
(Except for the cheap ones, there are many examples)
● Three suspension materials for trucks
As a yuan for the toiling masses of the world
Most of the cardholders are obviously not Volvo's independent suspension cars
All are members of the non-independent suspension club
However, however, however
Non-independent suspension is also to distinguish between you, me and him
Depending on the materials used, there are now three main camps:
Leaf spring camp, air suspension camp, rubber suspension camp
The three camps each have their own advantages and occupy the mountain
It is a three-legged trend
Ahem, ahem. This "three-legged" is not the "three-legged" you think
Leaf spring suspension
Due to its long history, it is now the most powerful among the three
Where there are people, there are rivers and lakes
Where there are rivers and lakes, there must be leaf spring suspension
With the trend towards lightweight trucks
There is a faction within leaf springs called "less leaf springs"
Don't think that a small number of pieces is a "less leaf spring"
In fact, the cross-sectional area of this kind of steel plate is gradual, which has better strength
So just two or three tablets will solve the problem
↑↑↑↑多片簧
↑↑↑↑ Less leaf springs
Each piece of a small leaf spring is almost equal in length
Ordinary steel plates have significant length variations
Airbag suspension
Its technical content and price cost are relatively higher
↓↓ Status is about equal to the Italian artillery of the Independent Regiment ↓↓
At present, most of the airbags of the original domestic manufacturers come from three companies
Firestone, Goodyear, and ContiTech
The latter two are in the airbag suspension business
Now they belong to Steimko and Continental
So these three can be called the nobility of the airbag world
And depending on the design scheme of each company
Airbag bridges are divided into two types: single-axle four-airbag and single-axle double-airbag
↑↑单桥四气囊方案
↑↑ Single-axle dual-airbag scheme
It is difficult to draw a conclusion on who is better and who is bad in these two options at the next time
You can move to the following article to take a look
"It's not a thing! Is the suspension divided into American and European style? 》
Someone introduced
One axle if using airbag suspension
It is expected to reduce the weight by 200kg compared to using less leaf springs
The cost of airbags is gradually decreasing with the increase of market share
In addition, the use of airbags can also realize the function of lifting bridge
Therefore, in the eyes of many people, airbag suspension is the star of tomorrow
And rubber suspension
At present, it is mainly based on the Hanruisen brand, which is commonly used in Sinotruk's lightweight tractors
The number is a little less than the airbag suspension
It is even less than leaf springs
However, due to its lower cost than airbag suspension, its dead weight is also relatively light
Therefore, it is currently more popular in fields that are sensitive to the weight of vehicles, such as coal transportation
但由于橡胶的特性，空载的时候，车辆会比较颠簸
But fortunately, it is very smooth and comfortable when heavy loading
The rubber is also very quiet and there is no noise
Steel plates, rubber, airbags
Each of these three has its own advantages and disadvantages
They also have their own markets in different car fields
Running trunk logistics, throwing and hanging transportation, obviously airbag bridges are more suitable;
Transporting coal, the rubber suspension with the same weight is also good;
The weight of the less leaf spring is not too big now
Coupled with the lightweight optimization of the whole vehicle, it is still very easy to use.
After talking for a long time, it's time to talk about me and the mud again
So who do you think is good? Let's fight in the comments.
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